Feeding behaviour of the Pacific red snapper Lutjanus peru (Nichols & Murphy, 1922) (Percoidei: Lutjanidae) larvae at the onset of exogenous feeding.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37543/oceanides.v30i2.147Keywords:
Pacific red snapper, Lutjanus peru, first feeding, feeding behaviorAbstract
The behaviour of the Pacific red snapper Lutjanus peru larvae during the onset of exogenous feeding at day 3 after hatching at 26º C was studied. Ten larvae were directly observed during 5 min each before and after the addition of feed. Rotifers (Brachionus rotundiformis) and copepod nauplii (Euterpina acutifrons) were used as live feed at a density of 5 prey/ml. Larval behavior was described before and after prey addition. Also, the number of larvae that displayed an attack posture and the number of attacks per larvae during the observation
period were recorded. Before prey addition, the larvae displayed three types of conduct: swimming, resting and fast impulse. This behavioral pattern changed with the presence of feed, regardless of prey type. The swimming conduct increased duration but changed to a short distance and frequent pauses. The resting conduct reduced its
duration and two new modal action patterns associated to feeding were present: “S” posture after prey detection and the attack which consisted in a direct larval strike towards the prey and may include prey capture. Less than 50% of the observed larvae displayed the attack posture and the mean number of attacks per larvae was less than 1.5 during the observation period regardless of prey type. Results are similar to the reported for other species during the onset of exogenous feeding and suggest that copepod nauplii may be a more suitable prey during first feeding of L. peru.
Downloads
References
Buskey, E. J., C. Coulter & S. Strom. 1993. Locomotory patterns of microzooplankton: potential effects on food selectivity of larval fish. Bull. Mar. Sci., 53: 29-43.
Brown, J. A., D. Wiseman & P. Kean. 1997. The use of behavioural observations in larviculture of cold-water marine fish. Aquaculture, 155: 297- 306. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(97)00130-0
Coughlin, D. J. 1991. Ontogeny of first-feeding Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 48: 1896-1904. https://doi.org/10.1139/f91-225
Dou, S., T. Seikai & K. Tsukamoto. 2000. Feeding behaviour of japanese flounder larvae under laboratory conditions. J. Fish Biol., 56: 654-666. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2000.tb00763.x
Gisbert, E., P. Williot & F. Castelló-Ovary. 1999. Behavioural modifications in the early life stages of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii, Brandt). J. Appl. Ichthyol., 15: 237-242. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.1999.tb00242.x
Hart, P. J. B. 1997. Foraging tactics, 104-133. En: Godin, J.G.J. (Ed.) Behavioural Ecology of Teleost Fishes. Oxford University Press. Great Britain. 340 p.
Hunter, J. R. 1972. Swimming and feeding behaviour of larval anchovy Engraulis mordax. Fish. Bull., 70: 821-838.
Hunter, J. R. 1981. Feeding ecology and predation of marine fish larvae, 33-79. En: Lasker, R. (Ed.), Marine Fish Larvae. University of Washington Press, Seattle. 239 p.
Hunter, J. R. & C. A. Kimbrell. 1980. Early life history of the Pacific mackerel, Scomber japonicus. Fish. Bull., 78: 89-101.
Huse, I. 1994. Feeding at different illumination levels in larvae of three marine teleost species: cod (Gadus morhua L.), plaice (Pleuronectes platessa L.) and turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.). Aquac. Fish. Man., 25: 687-695. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.1994.tb00733.x
Lasker, R. 1981. The role of stable ocean in larval fish survival and subsequent recruitment, 79- 87. En: Lasker, R. (Ed.), Marine Fish Larvae. University of Washington Press, Seattle. 239 p.
Miyashima, A., T. Kotani, H. Tawa & H. Fushimi. 2009. Relationship among oxygen consumption, growth and survival of larval fishes, 269- 271. En: Hendry, C.I., Van Stappen, G., Wille, M. & Sorgeloos, P. (Eds). LARVI '09 - Fish & Shellfish Larviculture Symposium. European Aquaculture Society, Special Publication No. 38, Oostende, Belgium, 2009. 567 p.
Munk, P. 1995. Foraging behaviour of larval cod (Gadus morhua) influenced by prey density and hunger. Mar. Biol., 122: 205-212.
Munk, P. & T. Kiorboe. 1985. Feeding behaviour and swimming activity of larval herring (Clupea harengus L) in relation to density of copepod nauplii. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 24: 15-21. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps024015
Pelcastre-Campos, V. T. 2006. Inducción a la ovulación y espermiogénesis en el huachinango del Pacífico Lutjanus peru (Nichols & Murphy, 1922) y almacenamiento de su semen. Tesis de Maestría. CICIMAR-IPN. México. 96 p.
Skiftesvik, A. B. 1992. Changes in behaviour at onset of exogenous feeding in marine fish larvae. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 49: 1570-1572. https://doi.org/10.1139/f92-174
Skiftesvik, A. B., H. I. Browman & J. F. St Pierre. 2003. Life in green water: the effect of microalgae on the behaviour of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) larvae, 97 - 103. En: Browman, H. I. & Skiftesvik, A. B. (Eds.). The Big Fish Bang. proceedings of the 26th Annual Larval Fish Conference. Institute of Marine Research. Bergen, Norway, 476 p.
Skiftesvik, A. B., O. Bergh & I. Opstad. 1994. Activity and swimming at time of first feeding of halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) larvae. J. Fish Biol., 45:349-351. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1994.tb01314.x
Temple, S., V. R. Cerqueira & J. A. Brown. 2004. The effects of lowering prey density on the growth, survival and foraging behaviour of larval fat snook (Centropomus parallelus poey 1860). Aquaculture, 233: 205-217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2003.09.043
Yúfera, M. & M. J. Darias. 2007. The onset of exogenous feeding in marine fish larvae. Aquaculture., 268: 53-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2007.04.050
Zavala-Leal, I., S. Dumas, O. López-Villegas, R. Peña, M. Contreras-Olguín, L. Flores-Montijo & J. de la Cruz-Agüero. 2013. Structural development of Pacific red snapper Lutjanus peru from hatching to the onset of first feeding. Aquacult. Res. 1: 1-13.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2015 Renato Peña, Silvie Dumas
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.