Pseudo-nitzschia cf. brasiliana (Bacillariophyceae) of the Veracruz Reef System National Park: culture and physiological response to different nitrate concentrations under laboratory conditions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37543/oceanides.v34i2.255Keywords:
domoic acid, complex P. americana, nitrates, Veracruz Reef System National ParkAbstract
Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) of toxin-producing species can affect diverse organisms. Several species of the genus Pseudo-nitzschia are domoic acid (DA) producers, which is a neurotoxin that causes, among other symptoms, the loss of antegrade memory. Within the Veracruz Reef System National Park (PNSAV), toxic species of Pseudo-nitzschia have been reported. At present, the system presents an increase in the concentration of inorganic compounds, a situation that could favor the occurrence of HABs from organisms of this and other potentially harmful genera. The objective of this work was to isolate Pseudo-nitzschia sp. cells, set up cultures for morphotaxonomic determination, and analyze whether the concentration of nitrates in the culture medium is directly related to survival and DA production of the diatom under laboratory conditions. Cultures with different nitrates concentrations (98.9 µM, 1,978.2 µM, y 3,956.4 µM) were carried out, and toxin production was evaluated by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Morphotaxonomic determination was performed by scanning and transmission electron micrography. The isolates belonged to the P. americana complex, and we reported them as Pseudo-nitzschia cf. brasiliana. Although the toxin analyzes were negative for DA, it was proven that this species is capable of survival in multiple nutrient regimes in a changing state. Additionally, in some isolates, the coexistence of Pseudo-nitzschia cf. brasiliana with diatoms of the genus Minidiscus was observed, and the diatom, after some time, completely displaced Pseudo-nitzschia cf. brasiliana. Within the PNSAV, diverse species of the genus Pseudo-nitzschia have been documented; however, this is the first autecological and toxicological analysis of a species from this genus from the area.
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