¿Requieren las especies ser monofiléticas?

Juan Jacobo Schmitter-Soto

doi:10.37543/oceanides.v38i2.285

Authors

Juan Jacobo Schmitter-Soto El Colegio de la Frontera Sur

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37543/oceanides.v38i2.285

Keywords:

taxonomía, especiación, conceptos de especie, filogenia

Abstract

Contrary to upper-level taxa, species need not be monophyletic. Under the species level there are no taxa, but populations and individuals, whose relationships are not phylogenetic, but tokogenetic. The existence of “paraspecies”, species that did not originate from a single population, is to be expected, especially when parapatric speciation has occurred, whereby a peripheric population diverges rapidly (for example, due to a marine regression that leaves it isolated in an epicontinental water body) and leaves the rest of the original populations in a paraphyletic situation. The evolutionary species concept, i.e. the species as a lineage, does not necessarily exclude paraspecies. The criterion of evolutionary independence and coherence can be attained via a consistent diagnosis, especially if this is coming from an integrative taxonomic approach, with molecular, ecological, biogeographical, and morphological data.

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