Biogeografía de esponjas marinas (Phylum Porifera); estudios en el Pacífico Oriental

Autores/as

  • C. Vega
  • C. J. Hernández-Guerrero
  • J. A. Cruz-Barraza

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37543/oceanides.v27i1.108

Palabras clave:

Pacífico Oriental, biogeografía, esponjas

Resumen

Las esponjas (Phylum Porifera) constituyen uno de entre grupos y animales acuáticos más biodiversos y abundantes del planeta. En las últimas décadas han adquirido un creciente interés debido a su
importancia evolutiva, ecológica y económica (e.g. biotecnológica). Además de estos aspectos, las esponjas también son interesantes desde el punto de vista biogeográfico, debido a que poseen adultos sésiles y larvas que en general presentan dispersión limitada, lo que permite estudiar la historia de su dispersión. Pese a su importancia, el conocimiento sobre sus patrones de distribución ha sido poco desarrollado. Esta revisión tiene como objetivo presentar el estado del conocimiento biogeográfico de los Porifera, así como dar a conocer un panorama actual de su situación en la región del Pacífico oriental. En general, la falta de un buen conocimiento faunístico de los poríferos en esta región, dificulta el establecimiento de sus relaciones biogeográficas. Durante los últimos años, se ha realizado una intensa campaña para ampliar el conocimiento taxonómico básico, sin
embargo, el grado de avance aun no es suficiente, por lo que es importante continuar con el  desarrollo de trabajos que aborden estudios faunísticos y los patrones de distribución de los poríferos. Sin duda, con la continuidad que se le está dando a esta labor, y la implementación de marcadores moleculares en la sistemática y biogeografía de los poríferos, en poco tiempo será posible utilizarlos dentro de modelos biogeográficos. Ello nos dará una mayor perspectiva de los patrones de distribución y especiación que ocurren en los océanos, y
especialmente en la gran región geográfica del Pacífico oriental.

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2012-06-04

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Vega, C., Hernández-Guerrero, C. J., & Cruz-Barraza, J. A. (2012). Biogeografía de esponjas marinas (Phylum Porifera); estudios en el Pacífico Oriental. CICIMAR Oceánides, 27(1), 35–50. https://doi.org/10.37543/oceanides.v27i1.108

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