Efecto de cuatro pretratamientos en el flujo y balance del nitrógeno y el fósforo en efluentes de un sistema de recirculación acuícola
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37543/oceanides.v31i2.183Palabras clave:
Lodos, pretratamientos, balance de masas, sistemas de recirculación acuícolaResumen
Los efluentes de un tipo de cultivo intensivo como los Sistemas de Recirculación Acuícola (SRA)
presentan altas concentraciones de lodos que pueden llegar a ser una fuente de contaminación si no son tratados y dispuestos apropiadamente. La digestión anaeróbica es usualmente empleada para llevar a cabo la degradación de los lodos. Los pretratamientos previos a la digestión anaeróbica pueden mejorar la degradación de los lodos, así
como reducir la carga de nitrógeno y fósforo a través de la actividad microbiana. Este estudio examinó el efecto de cuatro pretratamientos (biológico, químico, mecánico y térmico) en el flujo y balance de masas de N y P de efluentes de un SRA durante un periodo de 7 meses a temperatura ambiente. En cada mes se llevó a cabo un experimento de 15 días. Todos los pretratamientos a excepción del químico, eliminaron nitrógeno (térmico 29.78%, biológico 36.75%, control 42.25%, mecánico 49.46%, químico -7.68%). Todos los pretratamientos produjeron fósforo (químico 1.96%, mecánico 16.07%, térmico 24.37%, biológico 32.39%, control 58.60%). Nuestros resultados indican que el pretratamiento mecánico fue el más efectivo para eliminar N. En contraste, ninguno de los pretratamientos redujo la concentración de fósforo.
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Derechos de autor 2016 Juan P. González -Hermoso, Emilio Peña -Messina, Anselmo Miranda -Baeza, Luis R. Martínez -Córdoba, María T. Gutiérrez -Wing, Manuel Segovia
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